Triangle legs LN and MN are opposite and adjacent, respectively, to ∠y. Therefore, from SOHCAHTOA, we need to use the tangent trigonometric function. Plugging in the values that the question gives us into the equation for tangent, we get tan 40° = ​\( \frac{8}{MN} \)​. Now, use your calculator to determine that the length of MN most closely approximates 9.53, which is (B).

If you represent the wooden skateboards with a w and the composite skateboards with a c, you can write two equations based on the information given in the question: 2w + 3c = 650 and 3w + c = 450. It is possible to isolate one of the variables and solve these two equations by substitution, but in this case it is easier simply to stack the equations on top of each other and add them together as follows:

Since the question asks for the price of five wooden skateboards and four composite skateboards, the answer is (D).

The question states that the number of employees increases at the same rate per year, so you can determine this numerical increase by subtracting one year’s total from the next year’s total. Subtracting the 2013 total from the 2014 total gives 2,110 – 1,890 = 220. To find the total in 2015, add 220 to the 2014 total: 2,110 + 220 = 2,330. The question also states that the male percentages continue to decrease at the same rate, which, based on the data in the table, is 5% per year. The percent male in 2014 was 55%, so the percent male in 2015 will be 50%. 50% of 2,330 can be expressed as or ​\( \frac{50}{100} \)​(2330) = 1,165, which is (D).

The formula for determining an average can be expressed by ​\( Average=\frac{Total}{of things} \)​ . Plug the values provided into the equation as follows: 11 =​\( \frac{4+5+11+13+16+18+x}{7} \)​,or 11 = ​\( \frac{67+x}{7} \)​. Multiply both sides by 7 to get 77 = 67 + x. Subtract 67 from both sides to get x = 10, which is (B).

There are a variety of ways to approach this question. You could solve one equation for s or t and substitute it into the other equation, but look to see if you can do it more simply by stacking and adding (or subtracting) the equations. If you double the first equation to get 34s + 40t = 118, you can then stack and subtract the equations to eliminate t and solve for s, as follows:

So, 4s = 8 and therefore s = 2. Now plug in 2 for the value of s in one of the equations: 30(2) + 40t = 110, so 40t = 110 – 60, so 40t = 50 and t = = 1.25. Next, plug s = 2 into the answer choices to determine which one matches your target of 1.25: (C).